Cùng xem qua ví dụ sau đây để thấy sự thay đổi từ chủ động sang bị động
(A) = active = chủ động; (P) = passive = bị động
(A) The cat ate the mouse.
(P) The mouse was eaten by the cat
Ví dụ trên là câu theo thì quá khứ đơn.
Tenses/Thì | Active/Chủ động | Passive/Bị động |
Simple present | Lan cleans the floor every morning. | The floor is cleaned by Lan every morning. |
Simple past | Nam broke the glasses. | The glasses were broken by Nam. |
Present continuous | The pupil is not doing some exercises. | Some exercises are not being done by the pupil. |
Past continuous | The mother was cooking dinner at 6 yesterday. | Dinner was being cooked by the mother at 6 yesterday. |
Present perfect | The secretary has just finished the report. | The report has just been finished by the secretary. |
Past perfect | The boy had found the key before 9 yesterday. | The key had been found by the boy before 9 yesterday. |
Simple future | Mr. Brown will not teach our class. | Our class will not be taught by Mr. Brown. |
Future perfect | The students will have written many compositions. | Many compositions will have been written by the students. |
Modal verbs | The students must do this exercise in class. | This exercise must be done in class by the students. |
Như vậy, chúng ta có 9 thì chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động cần nhớ khi học tiếng Anh.
Cấu trúc: They/ People say/ think/ believe… that…
Ta có cấu trúc:
Lưu ý: Lược bỏ tân ngữ trong câu bị động Nếu chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động không chỉ rõ là người hay vật cụ thể (Ví dụ: people, someone, every one, no one, any one, I, we, you, they, s/he, it) thì khi đổi sang câu bị động (by people /someone/ everyone/ no one/ anyone/ me / us/ you/ the / her/ him/ it) có thể được bỏ đi.
Viết lại những câu sau thành dạng bị động tương ứng theo thì
1. Mary types letters in the office.
2. His father will help you tomorrow.
3. Science and technology have completely changed human life.
4. Peter broke this bottle.
5. They are learning English in the room.
6. Nothing can change my mind
7. No one had told me about it.
8. I don’t know her telephone number.
9. My students will bring the children home.
10. They sent me a present last week
Sau khi làm xong, hãy kiểm tra đáp án xem kết quả